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Having adequate knowledge on how to start a layer farm is the first step in ensuring profitability. Raising egg-laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production is what layers poultry farming is about.
Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They continue laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg-laying period.
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According to the nature and colour of the egg, layer hens are of two types. Short descriptions of these two types are listed below.
White Egg-Laying Hens
This type of hens is comparatively smaller in size. they eat less food, and the colour of the eggshell is white. Isa White, Lehman White, Nikchik, Bab Cock BV-300, Harvard White, Hi Sex White, Sever White, Hi-line White, Bovanch White etc. are some popular white egg-laying chickens.
Brown Egg-Laying Hens
Brown egg-laying hens are s larger in size. They eat more food, compared to white egg layers. Lay bigger eggs than other laying breeds. The eggshell is brown coloured. There are many types of brown layer available. Among those Isa Brown, Hi Sex Brown, Sever 579, Lehman Brown, Hi Line Brown, Bab Cock BV-380, Gold Line, Bablona Tetro, Bablona Harko, Havard Brown etc. are very suitable for the commercial layer.
In this case, you have to select those breeds which are suitable for your layer poultry farming business and can produce well in your area.
The common breeds of chickens in Nigeria are Isa Brown, Arbor Acres, Marshall, Ross, Kuroilers, White Cockerel, and a Black cockerel. Always ask about the breed you are buying as well as the peculiarity of the breed.
For commercial eggs production, read below before selecting your breed; *Choose highly productive laying hens correctly.
- All type of hens does not produce equal numbers of eggs.
- The chosen breeds must have good production capability.
If your chosen breed contains the desired characteristic and has a reputation for egg production, then that breed is suitable for your business.
To set up a layer farm, the following steps must be taken;
Location
The housing system is very important for rearing layers and effective keeping and management. As a new person to Livestock business, you don’t want to invest all your capital into buying lands in an urban area which may turn out not being used because government policy is against setting up poultry farm near residential/urban areas for health implication.
Battery cages are the best housing cages for laying birds because it creates comfort and stability for them.
Set-Up Capital
With a location in mind, you now have a clearer idea of the capital required of you. Write down your detailed capital and investment requirements for your poultry farming in Nigeria venture and set out to source for it.
Like every other farming projects, the bigger you plan to start, the more investment required. You need to decide on the level of capital investment you are willing to commit to this business before starting.
Get Chicks
Look for good Hatchery where you can get healthy day-old chicks to start with.
Feeds and Water Management
You can buy feed from your local market or make the feed at your own house. You can just make sure the one bought or made is enriched with protein and mineral which are very essential for laying hens.
- Give them at least 2% calcium for 2weeks after birth
- Feed them with starter feed for 8weeks
- Serve them two or three times daily till they are 18weeks old
- Serve them layer poultry feed according to their age and weight
- Don’t decrease their feed while laying (even if their weight increase)
- Provide adequate water according to the demand of your laying hens (supply cold water during hot weather, and lukewarm water in cold weather)
Vaccination
This makes your hen disease resistance. It helps to keep them free from infections and reduce the mortality rate. But before vaccination, take note that you don’t need to vaccinate ill hen anymore (separate ill birds to avoid spreading) and make sure vaccination equipment is washed with hot boiled water or antiseptic/germicide. Here are the vaccines that can be given to layer hens. Marex, Gamboro, Salmonella etc.
Note that an average healthy Layer lays eggs almost every day or at least 4 times a week. This means that technically a Layer is capable of producing another chicken twice in three days.
- Within the first 20 weeks of age, about 5% of hens start laying eggs and can lay as much as 325 eggs in a year
- About 10% of birds start laying at their 21 weeks of age
- When they reach 26 to 30 weeks of age, they produce highly. Although, it may be different depending on their strain
- After laying a maximum number of eggs, they usually stop laying for a few days
- And after this period, their egg production might reduce slowly
- Egg-laying rate and size of eggs increase gradually
- The hens grow till their 40 weeks of age
- Weight and size of eggs increase till their 50 weeks of age.
Marketing
Marketing involves a range of prices, depending on the different sizes of egg, different brands, or other differences which attract particular buyers. In the home and shop situation, it is best to store them at normal refrigerator temperature.
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230 thoughts on “How to Start a Layer Farm for Egg Production”
Thanks for ligtining, I have finish place to keep checkens but my problem how to get a best brand and healthy layers also how to take with them.
Thank you for reaching out to us,
To sell your neem oil cake on Afrimash, kindly click the link below,
https://air.zkg.mybluehost.me/become-a-seller-on-afrimash/
On average, how many eggs do each hen produce daily….?
Hello Mmoniemang,
Thank you for choosing Afrimash,
You can get more information and details on egg production in our Ebook
Kindly click here to place an order for our ebook
Warm regards
Hello, good day.
I can’t seem to place an order for the book. Can you please send me the account number for a direct transfer and how I’d get the book. Thank you
Hello Esther,
Thank you for reaching out to us,
Here are the account details for making payment,
First Bank Plc
Account name: AFRIMASH COMPANY LIMITED
Account Number: 3138024577
UBA Plc
Account name: AFRIMASH COMPANY LIMITED
Account Number: 2129087920
After payment, you can reach out to us with proof of payment via:
Call: (+234) 809 409 1115
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Email: info@afrimash.com
The ebook will be sent to the email address you reached out to us with
Thank you for choosing Afrimash
Thanks for this information. Please I want to know how much it will cost me to start a layer poultry farm. I already have a land and pen ready to house 200 birds. What quantity of feed will they eat per day? What will be the quantity of eggs from the 200 birds per day? What can the possible profit margin? Kindly help with detailed information.
Hello Enoch,
Thank you for choosing Afrimash,
You can get more detailed information on poultry production from our Ebook
Kindly click here to place an order for the Ebook on layer production
Warm regards
My layers are 28 weeks now and its just 58 laying out of 365. What should I do to make them lay
Hello ThankGod,
Thank you for reaching out to us,
I would recommend you get a vet Doctor to check the farm,
But also confirm the feed you are using, how often you feed them and if the 3-in-1 vaccine has been administered
I would also like to know if they are in cages
Thanks
I want to buy “point of lay” birds (300) and also the water tap drinker for the birds. How can I have them. I have already set-up my farm
Hello Mr. Robson,
Thank you for the feedback.
Kindly call us on (+234) 809 409 1115 or chat with our customer care agents here.
They will assist you in placing orders for your point of lay birds and drinkers.
Warm regards
Thanks for this information
Hello Osim,
Good morning and thanks for your inquiry. Apparently, you are in the right place.
Please be informed that the point of lay hens available on scheduled days and the prices listed on our website are per hen.
https://air.zkg.mybluehost.me/product-category/livestock/poultry/point-of-lay/
For the *16 weeks point of lay* (#1,440 per hen), available dates for delivery are:
13th September (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
2nd October (ISA Brown)
18th October (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
27th October (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
28th November (ISA Brown)
For the *14 weeks point of lay* (#1,340 per hen), available dates for delivery are:
18th September (ISA Brown)
4th October (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
13th October (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
11th Nov (ISA Brown)
For the *12 weeks point of lay* (#1,240 per hen), available dates for delivery are:
20th September (Olam Lohmann Classic Brown)
28th October (ISA Brown)
N.B. The 16 weeks old point of lay birds are not vaccinated with the 3-in-1 vaccine NB+IB+EDS). As most farmers prefer to supervise the final series of vaccination in their farms before the onset of laying, we offer the vaccines for special pre-orders. Please review the link below for additional information
https://air.zkg.mybluehost.me/shop/veterinary-items/ndibeds-3-1-eds-1000-doses/
Please be informed that we will send the complete vaccination and medication history along with the dispatch.
Supply for the birds are on a first-come-first-serve basis, thus we encourage customers to book and pay in advance.
We will like to know the quantity and your preferred delivery/farm location so the shipping information can be included; if you wish for an invoice reflecting your choices to be sent to you.
https://air.zkg.mybluehost.me/product-category/livestock/poultry/point-of-lay/
The link above will redirect you to the page on our website to view the product information and create your order.
Hope this feedback has been helpful?
We look forward to your response.
Thanks
Goodday,
Am a starter in poultry farm business and focusing on layers. please can you give me estimate of feed consumption for 20weeks from day old to 20weeks. my email is yakubupd@gmail.com and whatsapp: 08034025530.
Hello Yakubu Paul,
Good morning and thanks for your inquiry.
For feeding laying birds, we need to know the proposed stocking density of your farm/venture.
However, below are some examples you could utilize for now
Chick Starter: (0 to 6 weeks of age)
Allow between 35-60g of feeds per chick, per day.
Growers Mash: Gradually introduce growers mash (From 6th week till drop of first eggs)
Give 60-90g of feeds per pullet per day as they increase with age.
Layers Mash: (From drop of first egg till end of laying cycle)
Once the birds reach laying stage, provide a well-balanced formulated layers ration at about 110-140g of layers mash per day.
These are the feed types/classes for layers (day old pullets, growers and layers)
Also, be informed we have a number of ebooks on poultry production via the link below
https://air.zkg.mybluehost.me/product-category/book/livestock-books/
You can contact us via any of the channels below:
Email: info@afrimash.com
Call: (+234) 809 409 1115
WhatsApp: (234) 808 280 8271
Please click on the link below to be redirected to our WhatsApp page-to chat with our customer care agents.
https://api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=2348082808271
Kind regards
Thanks for the guide afrimash
Dear Felix,
Good morning and thanks for your response.
You can contact us via any of the channels below:
Email: info@afrimash.com
Call: (+234) 809 409 1115
WhatsApp: (234) 808 280 8271
Please click on the link below to be redirected to our WhatsApp page-to chat with our customer care agents.
https://api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=2348082808271
Kind regards
Sir. Can layers be put on bare floor with shaving.
Can they also observe free range and cage life. Like being in cage for like two days open them on the field for d day and bring them in in the evening. Will this help or affect their laying because they are about 14-15 weeks old now.
Thank you.
Hello David,
Thank you for choosing Afrimash,
To learn more about Layers production, kindly purchase our Ebook on layers production
Click here to place your order now
Thank you once again for choosing Afrimash